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CHANCELLORSVILLE

Location

(PAGE 1 OF 8)

OUR VISIT TO CHANCELLORSVILLE


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110th Pennsylvania Regiment
110th Pennsylvania Regiment at Falmouth, Va., April 24, 1863,
nearly annihilated at battle of Chancellorsville...one week later


  April 30-May 6, 1863
Estimated Casualties: 24,000 total (US 14,000; CS 10,000)

On April 27, Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker led the V, XI, and XII Corps on a campaign to turn the Confederate left flank by crossing the Rappahannock and Rapidan Rivers above Fredericksburg. Passing the Rapidan via Germanna and Ely's Fords, the Federals concentrated near Chancellorsville on April 30 and May 1. The III Corps was ordered to join the army via United States Ford. Sedgwick's VI Corps and Gibbon's division remained to demonstrate against the Confederates at Fredericksburg. In the meantime, Lee left a covering force under Maj. Gen. Jubal Early in Fredericksburg and marched with the rest of the army to confront the Federals. As Hooker's army moved toward Fredericksburg on the Orange Turnpike, they encountered increasing Confederate resistance. Hearing reports of overwhelming Confederate force, Hooker ordered his army to suspend the advance and to concentrate again at Chancellorsville. Pressed closely by Lee's advance, Hooker adopted a defensive posture, thus giving Lee the initiative.

Last meeting(G)
Location where Robert E. Lee and Stonewall
Jackson had their last meeting - 1998 Photograph.


On the morning of May 2, Lt. Gen. T.J. Jackson directed his corps on a march against the Federal left flank, which was reported to be “hanging in the air.” Fighting was sporadic on other portions of the field throughout the day, as Jackson's column reached its jump-off point. At 5:20 pm, Jackson's line surged forward in an overwhelming attack that crushed the Union (Howard's) XI Corps. Federal troops rallied, resisted the advance, and counterattacked. Disorganization on both sides and darkness ended the fighting. While making a night reconnaissance, Jackson was mortally wounded by his own men and carried from the field. J.E.B. Stuart took temporary command of Jackson's Corps. On May 3, the Confederates attacked with both wings of the army and massed their artillery at Hazel Grove. This finally broke the Federal line at Chancellorsville. Hooker withdrew a mile and entrenched in a defensive “U” with his back to the river at United States Ford. Union generals Berry and Whipple and Confederate general Paxton were killed; Stonewall Jackson was mortally wounded.

Salem Church - 1800's126
Salem Church - 1800's

Salem Church - 2000
Salem Church - 2000


On the night of May 5-6, after Union reverses at Salem Church, Hooker recrossed to the north bank of the Rappahannock. This battle was considered by many historians to be Lee's greatest victory.
(Text Source: U.S. Gov't, National Park Service)


Chancellorsville Map
  A -
B -
C( )

D -
E -
F -
G -
N.P.S. Visitors Center.
Chancellorsville Inn.
Union cannon & rifle pits, near Fairview.
Fairview House Location.
Chancellor Cemetery.
Hazel Grove.
The last meeting
H -
I -
J -
K -
L -
M -
N -
O -
Cannon fire received.
Stream crossing.
Catharine Furnace.
Jackson's Flank March.
Where Jackson was shot
Where Paxton was killed.
Indiana Monument
Wilderness Church
P - Location of Wellford House.

(Letters beside the photographs refer to this map.)


JACKSON'S FLANKING MARCH

View of Hazel Grove(H)
During Jackson's march around the left of the Union line, his troops could be seen by Union forces at Hazel Grove through this "clearing" in the woods. (This 1998 photograph was taken on the road used by Jackson's troops, looking towards the Hazel Grove hill in the far distance). As a result, Jackson's troops had to avoid cannon fire at this point.
 


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